A working guide to harnessing generalized dissimilarity modelling for biodiversity analysis and conservation assessment

Aim Generalized dissimilarity modelling (GDM) is a powerful and unique method for characterizing predicting beta diversity, the change in biodiversity over space, time environmental gradients. The number of studies applying GDM expanding, with increasing recognition its value improving our understanding drivers patterns implementing wide variety spatial assessments relevant to conservation. However, apart from original presentation technique, there has been little guidance available users on different situations or key decisions required. Innovation We present an accessible working guide GDM. describe context development GDM, simple statistical explanation how model fitting works, step through considerations involved data preparation, fitting, refinement assessment. then several novel analyses can be implemented using code support broader implementation. conclude by providing overview range GDM-based that have undertaken date identify priority areas future research development. Main conclusions Our vision this will facilitate greater more rigorous use as tool undertaking assessments.